Every Selenium WebDriver Exception Using JAVA Explained!

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1. BiDiException

• What It Is: Thrown when there’s an issue with bidirectional communication, typically in newer WebDriver implementations using the BiDi protocol (like WebDriver BiDi in Selenium 4).
• Example: You attempt to interact with a modern browser using WebDriver BiDi, but an unsupported command or a network issue prevents the operation.
• Resolution: Ensure your browser and WebDriver versions are fully compatible with BiDi, and confirm that network connections are stable.

2. ConnectionClosedException

• What It Is: This exception occurs when the connection to the WebDriver server unexpectedly closes while running a test.
• Example: During long test runs, the browser may crash, causing the connection to be terminated.
• Resolution: Implement retry logic in your tests, ensure sufficient resources are available for your tests, and check if your WebDriver is properly configured.

3. ConnectionFailedException

• What It Is: Thrown when the WebDriver fails to establish a connection with the browser.